{"id":1238,"date":"2021-05-02T03:13:56","date_gmt":"2021-05-02T03:13:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/?p=1238"},"modified":"2021-05-03T12:12:16","modified_gmt":"2021-05-03T12:12:16","slug":"the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/","title":{"rendered":"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By Sofia Riker<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-960x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1964\" srcset=\"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-960x1024.jpg 960w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-281x300.jpg 281w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-768x819.jpg 768w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-1440x1536.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-1920x2048.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-830x885.jpg 830w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-230x245.jpg 230w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-350x373.jpg 350w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-480x512.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The idea of the \u201cmale gaze\u201d is most visually present in the film industry, where female characters are often depicted through the eyes of a man. Often, this view is overly sexual and \u201cassociated with the male protagonist\u2019s point-of-view\u201d (Loreck, 2016). Through camera angles and plot positioning, it has historically been made clear that women are objects to be desired from the heterosexual male perspective. Even when it has nothing to do with the plot, women\u2019s bodies and sexual energy is put on full display.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In contemporary films, women are depicted as more complex and central to the plot, yet this view remains. They are expected to perform their function as characters, while still adhering to heterosexual male fantasies (Loreck, 2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why does this matter?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Growing up in a culture that depicts women in this way can cause an internalization of this gaze. Women have been conditioned to adopt this male gaze that is so present in media and film, which ultimately reaffirms the power of the patriarchy. It becomes a relationship between how men view women and then how women, in turn, view themselves. This follows the idea of self-objectification theory, described as when \u201csexually objectifying experiences encourage women to adopt observers\u2019 sexually objectifying gaze on the self\u201d (Guizzo &amp; Cadinu, 2017). Even in non-sexual contexts, women become their own surveyor of themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u201cMale fantasies, male fantasies, is everything run by male fantasies? Up on a pedestal or down on your knees, it&#8217;s all a male fantasy: that you&#8217;re strong enough to take what they dish out, or else too weak to do anything about it\u2026 &nbsp;You are a woman with a man inside watching a woman. You are your own voyeur.\u201d <\/p><cite>Margaret Atwood<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How does this affect women?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Research by Guizzo and Cadinu (2017) simulated the experience of the male gaze through a series of tasks. The experiment reveals that internalized beauty standards and the male gaze have a significant negative impact on women\u2019s cognitive performance. Women were unable to reach a peak motivational state, or \u201cflow\u201d, under these conditions. The experience of flow is essential in creativity, pleasure, and overall fulfillment \u2013 yet women are less likely to reach it because of self-objectification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our society\u2019s perpetuation of internalized body ideals is additionally problematic in overall quality of life, as studied by Calogero (2004). He studies the anxiety and shame experienced by the prevailing male gaze through a series of questionnaires. The results and relationships between these questionnaires reveal that self-objectification is a negative experience that occurs regardless of observers or context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ultimately, what these two studies show is that the internalized male gaze is in fact a valid concept that negatively impacts women. The subconscious internalization of these expectations impact women\u2019s cognitive performance and overall quality of life (Guizzo &amp; Cadinu, 2017 &amp; Calogero, 2004). The additional strife that these societal expectations put on women provide an additional barrier to success in so many different spheres: education, the workplace, relationships, etc. It is not something that can be escaped.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The responsibility of removing this mindset should not fall on women, instead our society as a whole need to re-evaluate the patriarchal systems that led to such gendered and over-sexualized expectations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1013\" src=\"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-1024x1013.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1965\" srcset=\"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-1024x1013.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-300x297.jpg 300w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-768x760.jpg 768w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-1536x1520.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-2048x2026.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-830x821.jpg 830w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-230x228.jpg 230w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-350x346.jpg 350w, https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-2-480x475.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Calogero, Rachel M. vol. 28, Psychology of Women Quarterly, 2004, pp. 16\u201321, <em>A Test of Objectification Theory: The Effect of the Male Gaze on Appearance Concerns in College Women<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Guizzo, Francesca, and Mara Cadina. vol. 56, British Journal of Social Pscyhology, 2017, pp. 281\u2013292, <em>Effects of Objectifying Gaze on Female Cognitive Performance: The Role of Flow Experience and Internalization of Beauty Ideals<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Loreck, Janice. \u201cExplainer: What Does the &#8216;Male Gaze&#8217; Mean, and What about a Female Gaze?\u201d <em>The Conversation <\/em>, 5 Jan. 2016, theconversation.com\/explainer-what-does-the-male-gaze-mean-and-what-about-a-female-gaze-52486.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Sofia Riker The idea of the \u201cmale gaze\u201d is most visually present in the film industry, where female characters are often depicted through the eyes of a man. Often, this view is overly sexual and \u201cassociated with the male protagonist\u2019s point-of-view\u201d (Loreck, 2016). Through camera angles and plot positioning, it has historically been made [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[121,118,119,120,18],"class_list":["post-1238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-spring2020","tag-internalized-male-gaze","tag-male-gaze","tag-objectification","tag-sexualization","tag-women"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women - Sharing Sociology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women - Sharing Sociology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Sofia Riker The idea of the \u201cmale gaze\u201d is most visually present in the film industry, where female characters are often depicted through the eyes of a man. Often, this view is overly sexual and \u201cassociated with the male protagonist\u2019s point-of-view\u201d (Loreck, 2016). Through camera angles and plot positioning, it has historically been made [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sharing Sociology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-05-02T03:13:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-05-03T12:12:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-960x1024.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/247f836f8f5e6a8ebb99484dc04371e7\"},\"headline\":\"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-02T03:13:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-03T12:12:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":623,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/male-gaze-1-1-960x1024.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"internalized male gaze\",\"male gaze\",\"objectification\",\"sexualization\",\"women\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Spring 2020\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/\",\"name\":\"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women - Sharing Sociology\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/male-gaze-1-1-960x1024.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-02T03:13:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-03T12:12:16+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/247f836f8f5e6a8ebb99484dc04371e7\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/male-gaze-1-1-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/male-gaze-1-1-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2400,\"height\":2560},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/spring2020\\\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/\",\"name\":\"Sharing Sociology\",\"description\":\"Jaime Kucinskas, Hamilton College\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/247f836f8f5e6a8ebb99484dc04371e7\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/50b6f795c3f90d53a3491e8d03fef5ee77ea6772b490afd777380989b07087f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/50b6f795c3f90d53a3491e8d03fef5ee77ea6772b490afd777380989b07087f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/50b6f795c3f90d53a3491e8d03fef5ee77ea6772b490afd777380989b07087f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\\\/sharingsociology\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women - Sharing Sociology","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women - Sharing Sociology","og_description":"By Sofia Riker The idea of the \u201cmale gaze\u201d is most visually present in the film industry, where female characters are often depicted through the eyes of a man. Often, this view is overly sexual and \u201cassociated with the male protagonist\u2019s point-of-view\u201d (Loreck, 2016). Through camera angles and plot positioning, it has historically been made [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/","og_site_name":"Sharing Sociology","article_published_time":"2021-05-02T03:13:56+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-05-03T12:12:16+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-960x1024.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/#\/schema\/person\/247f836f8f5e6a8ebb99484dc04371e7"},"headline":"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women","datePublished":"2021-05-02T03:13:56+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-03T12:12:16+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/"},"wordCount":623,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-960x1024.jpg","keywords":["internalized male gaze","male gaze","objectification","sexualization","women"],"articleSection":["Spring 2020"],"inLanguage":"en"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/","url":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/","name":"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women - Sharing Sociology","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-960x1024.jpg","datePublished":"2021-05-02T03:13:56+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-03T12:12:16+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/#\/schema\/person\/247f836f8f5e6a8ebb99484dc04371e7"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en","@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/male-gaze-1-1-scaled.jpg","width":2400,"height":2560},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/spring2020\/the-inescapable-male-gaze-how-internalized-objectification-affects-women\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Inescapable Male Gaze: How Internalized Objectification Harms Women"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/#website","url":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/","name":"Sharing Sociology","description":"Jaime Kucinskas, Hamilton College","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/#\/schema\/person\/247f836f8f5e6a8ebb99484dc04371e7","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/50b6f795c3f90d53a3491e8d03fef5ee77ea6772b490afd777380989b07087f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/50b6f795c3f90d53a3491e8d03fef5ee77ea6772b490afd777380989b07087f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/50b6f795c3f90d53a3491e8d03fef5ee77ea6772b490afd777380989b07087f2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"url":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1238","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1238"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1238\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1238"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1238"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soc.hamiltonlits.org\/sharingsociology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1238"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}